Before lenders lend money, they need to be assured that the funds will be repaid. In other words, is the prospective borrower creditworthy? To find out, they ask for various types of information.

Sub-prime lenders understand you may have come upon some hard times in the past and will look at your more recent credit history.

Lenders look at the risk that you will default on the loan, based on several factors. Those include credit score, history of paying your mortgage or rent on time, debt-to-income ratio, occupancy type (primary residence, second home or investment property), property type (single-family, 2-unit, condo), percentage of the property’s value you want to borrow (60%, 70% 80% 100%), and work history, among others.

Lenders will look at an applicants past credit history, income and the value of collateral being used to secure the mortgage. The lenders will compare this information to their guidelines to determine if the applicant is a good credit risk.

With regards to repayment capability, most banks prefer that a borrower has total debt obligations of less than 45% of gross income. Total debt include any monthly obligations the borrower has, including the proposed mortgage payment, property tax, homeowner insurance, automobile financing, credit card installments, alimony, etc. Utility and food costs are not considered debts and are not included in the Debt-to-Income ratio. Some non-prime mortgage lenders allow a Debt-to-Income ratio of up to 55%.

Lenders will look for job stability, credit worthiness, disposable income, liquid assets, debt to income ratios and loan to value ratios among many other things. Sometimes a borrower can be deficient or weak in one of the above mentioned areas but make up for it in others to still be considered for the financing desired. Lenders don’t typically want to see a lot of job changing or career changing happening. Also, obviously the better the credit the better the chance the lender will be repaid on the debt. Disposable income is how much income is left over after you have paid all of your monthly obligations. Debt to income is a ratio that is calculated based off of how much you make divided by how much your obligations are and LTV (loan to value is simply how much of a mortgage you are borrowing compared to how much your home is valued at. These are all very important items that a lender looks at as a part of your whole package.

Reserves is another factor that lenders want to see. Reserves are simply how much liquid cash you have in the bank to make payments with. If you are a first time home buyer the reserves can be anywhere from 2 -6 months worth of PITI (Principle, Interest, Taxes and Insurance). Various lenders will have different guidelines so be sure to ask your Mortgage Professional how much cash you will need to have in reserves.

Your credit worthiness will affect the interest rate and the number of programs that are available to you.

While many borrowers are concerned with what they need to do in order to qualify for a mortgage, there are also a number of things that borrowers should not do once approved for a loan.

In addition it’s a good idea to give yourself a couple of extra days if possible to schedule movers, landscaping companies or and other repairs for the new house. This will give you extra time to get the closing completed and the transaction funded. If you schedule movers or other companies the same day as closing or even the day after you might be in for a stressful situation if for any reason the closing is delayed.

Always consult with your mortgage professional when there is a question regarding any of this because it can cost you your home loan.

After applying for a mortgage do not let anyone pull your credit or apply for any new credit at all. Try to keep everything the same as far as credit goes as when you where initially pre-approved unless told different by your loan officer.

Do not ignore to tell your mortgage broker about any material changes in the purchase agreement you and the seller come to agree upon after the mortgage process has begun. A slightly lower sale price can alter the loan-to-value ratio and requires re-submission of loan documents. Your mortgage broker and lender have to be made aware if any addendum is later attached to the purchase contract.

After applying for a mortgage be sure to advise your loan officer to any changes in your marital status or name changes. This will help you avoid problems with the final closing documents and/or title problems.

Be certain not to lease a car or allow a car dealer to “pre-qualify” you for a car lease or loan. It doesn’t matter whether or not the car is new or used, because either way this would fall under the category of taking on new debt, and is a very common reason for individuals, particularly those making purchases for the first time, run into complications with their mortgage application process after the fact. If you have any need to make any further applications for substantial credit, please give us a call.

Do not take on new debt. The temptation is strong. There are so many big purchases that people want to make in connection with a move: appliances, window treatments, furniture, etc. When you add to this the fact that, today, everyone offers easy terms and no money down—well, why not just do it? Answer: because you will change what the mortgage industry calls your “debt-to-income ratios” (the relationship of your income to your debt).

Do not change jobs. If at all possible, try not to make a career move during the time between your mortgage application and the closing on the home you are purchasing. But, you ask, “What if it’s a BETTER job, for MORE money, in a DIFFERENT field?” Still, try and wait until AFTER closing. One of the factors mortgage companies consider is length of present employment; they are partial to stability. At the very least, changing jobs initiates the need for more paperwork, and may delay your closing.

Do not pack too soon. Well, go ahead and pack your clothes and dishes. But do not pack your bank statements, tax returns, or other important paperwork. Most especially, do not pack your checkbook! More than one buyer has had closing delayed while a friend or relative hurried over with additional funds because the checkbook was in the moving van.

Do not lease a new car. This should go under the general heading of “no new debt.” It is highlighted here because, for some strange reason, many buyers do run right out and lease a new car during the time between mortgage application and closing! As with any debt, this will change your “debt-to-income ratios” and may cause you not to qualify for your mortgage.

Do not stop making your regular monthly payments after applying for a mortgage. Borrowers refinancing their home to payoff other debts sometimes stop making their regular monthly payments because they are going to payoff the debt. This can cause problems during the loan process because not making payments on time may hurt your credit rating. Lower credit scores may cause your interest rate to go up or result in you being denied credit.

Once you apply for a mortgage to refinance or for a home purchase your job is not done. Be involved, don’t just wait for the call to schedule the closing. Check with your mortgage broker, find out what is going on with your loan, talk to your realtor make sure everything you want done is getting done. Be proactive not reactive, don’t wait for a problem then rush to solve it, work to prevent any issues form happening in the first place.

Do not pay off any old collection accounts on your credit report unless you were specifically told to do so by your mortgage professional. Paying off old collection debt will often signal to the credit reporting agencies that there is new activity on an negative entry and actually lower your credit score.

Here are reasons why you have different credit scores:

There are 3 different credit reporting agencies. Each one gives you a score. They work independent of each other.

Mortgage lenders typically look at your middle score as your qualifying score. there are some lenders that will take the high score into consideration as well. But as a general rule when applying for a mortgage always give the mortgage broker your middle score if you know it.

Usually a lender will use the middle of the three scores to qualify a borrower and to chose rate.

One creditor may report to only to bureaus A and B, another creditor may report to bureaus B and C, and yet another creditor may only report to bureau B. For this reason, the exact information that each of the credit bureaus has on file about you varies, and therefore so does your score with each bureau.

The primary reason for discrepancies in the three different credit scores is that each credit bureau uses a different scoring module. The scoring system used by Experian is the Fair, Isaac module, the one used by Trans Union is called Empirica and Equifax uses a scoring system called Beacon.

You have three different scores because each bureau has a different system for placing a numerical value on your credit quality. Another reason these scores can vary so much is that some creditors only report to certain bureaus and therefore the other bureaus may not be scoring that particular credit file which can cause a difference in actual scoring.

There are nonconforming lenders that will use average your scores or even use the highest score. Your mortgage professional’s job is to place you with the lender that would be most advantageous to you.

The information that the credit bureaus have on file about you is provided by the creditors who you currently have credit with, as well as the ones you’ve dealt with in the past several years.

When disputing incorrect information on your credit report, be sure to write to all three credit repositories. If only one is notified of the erroneous item, your scores from the other two bureaus would not improve.

Credit score differ because of the credit items that are being reported to each credit bureau, all 3 credit repositories are independent of each other, and because their are different credit scoring modules. Some creditors only report to 1 or 2 credit repositories while others may report to all 3. Trans Union is different from Equifax and they are both different from Experian. By all 3 being independent they all have their own individual credit scoring systems. Lastly, just like there are Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows XP, etc… as operating systems for a computer, there are different versions of credit generation also. Some lenders may use an older credit operating system simply because it is cheaper to obtain credit reports than the latest credit operating system out available.

Your credit maybe considered bad and causing a low score for a number of reasons. While the are numerous reasons for bad credit some of the more common ones are as follows. You have numerous credit cards that are maxed out or close to the credit limit, you have unpaid judgments or collection accounts, you have 30 day lates showing on your payment history. All of these examples can cause severe drops in your credit score.

One area people overlook that can negatively impact their credit report is failing to honor mobile phone contracts. Cell phone companies give away free phones to customers who sign on with their services for a specified period of time, usually one to two years. Terminating subscription to the phone service before the expiration and failing to reimburse the phone carrier for the cost of the free phone is considered breaking the contract. Cell phone companies would then report to the credit bureaus and cause a blemish on the credit history. Such blemishes are not serious, but they nonetheless lower credit scores.

Credit scores generally range from about 350 to 850.

• 800+ = great credit
• 700-799 = good credit
• 600-699 = average credit
• 500-599 = bad credit
• under 500 = hard to get a loan at all

Your credit can be bad for a variety of reasons: Late payments High Account Balances Bankruptcy Collections Charge offs To minimize negative on your factors you will need to pay down balances, make payments on time, dispute incorrect information, and let the passing of time lessen the impact of past bad credit.

To many inquires at one time can affect your credit score.

If you credit score is low because of a high balance on a credit card transfer some of the balance to another card. Try not to open a new card because to do this can also reduce your score.

One reason why your credit may be bad is because of erroneous information reported on your credit report. This can happen to anyone and is actually quite common. This is one reason why you need to check your credit report out at least once per every 12 months. By checking you credit report for free you can keep an eye on your credit and make sure that you take care of any erroneous information when it happens, not when you are trying to apply for a loan and it comes as a surprise to everyone. Utilize your one free annual credit report each year to take a look over your credit to make sure everything looks well. There are many reasons as to why credit report errors can happen so make sure that if errors do happen to you that you rectify the situation immediately.

Maintaining high balances on your credit cards and other revolving debt negatively impacts your credit score. Paying down credit cards balances below the 70%, 50%, and 30% thresholds is a quick way to boost your credit score.

Paying down your credit card balances to around 30% will help your score. If you can, try to keep the balance at that level at all times. If you need to raise your score quickly, and don’t have the money to pay down your balances, you may request that your creditors increase your credit limit. This will in turn lower your balance in comparison to the limit. Only use this technique if you are responsible with your credit. Once your limit is increased, it may be tempting to go on a shopping spree. Know that if you do this, you will be in a much worse situation than when you started. Not only will you have more debt, but you will increase your ratio of balance to limit.

There are several ways to increase your credit. However the fundamental principle is the bills must be paid on time. This doesn’t mean by the due date. For the sake of your credit a payment must NEVER be more then 30 days late. If you are acquiring 30 day lates on your credit then your credit standing will deteriorate quickly. Judgments also hurt your credit even if you pay them.

It is also important to note that a credit score is a snapshot. Although it shows your payment history, length of credit, etc. having inaccurate (negative) information removed from your credit bureau report will immediately reflect an increase in your score.

If you do decide to pay off some of your credit cards, be sure to leave the cards open. The credit bureaus look favorably upon accounts that have been open for a substantial period of time, especially if they are showing a zero balance.

Remember that a credit score amounts to a prediction of how likely it will be that you go 60 days late or more on your mortgage in the next two years. One thing that will really lower this score is if you carry high balances on revolving debt and then start making a few of the payments late. This is the pattern of a consumer who is close to getting in trouble with debt.

Things that may go into a collection or judgment that will hurt you credit are; unpaid medical payments, unpaid utility payments, and unpaid cell phones or cable payments.

Here are some reason why you would choose a mortgage broker:

A mortgage broker can shop the banks for you; saving you time and money. A broker has many banks to choose from so you get the best rate!

Mortgage brokers work with wholesale rates rather than retail rates. They can often provide rates lower than what you may get quoted by a bank which uses retail rates.

Mortgage brokers originated over 70% of all mortgage loans originated over the past couple of years. For this reason alone, this should let you know how key the role of a good mortgage broker is.

A mortgage broker has the ability to have your loan approved and submitted at many different lenders. If a particular lender should cause a delay or refuse the loan the mortgage broker can have another lender begin to underwrite the loan. This will insure there are no timely or costly delays in your loan process!

A mortgage broker makes banks compete with one another for your business.

Mortgage brokers allow you to see multiple offers at once. You are given choices on which program best fits your needs. Direct lenders often have higher costs and are forced to charge you a minimum in points and fees. Brokers give you the flexibility to negotiate those fees.

A mortgage broker generally have established business relationships with multiple banks, and therefore has many more loan programs available, whereas a bank loan officer can only sell mortgage products offered by the bank. While a mortgage broker has the ability to shop different lending institutions to find loan programs tailored made for homebuyers in almost any financial situation, a bank based loan officer can only offer the bank’s product, even if that loan product may not be the best for the home buyer. For example, a neighborhood bank may have a “Stated Income” program for loan applicants with credit scores of 700 and above and a “No-Doc” program for credit scores of below 700 at a higher interest rate. Since a borrower with a credit score of 685 does not qualify for the “Stated-Income” program, the bank loan officer would put him in a “No-Doc” loan with a higher interest rate. On the other hand, an experienced mortgage broker can often find another lender offering a lower interest rate “Stated Income” program for the same borrower.

A mortgage broker can quickly determine the best loan program for you, then search through several lenders who specialize in that program to find the best rate and terms for you. A bank, on the other hand, has fewer programs to choose from and must sometimes try to fit your unique situation into one of their programs, whether it is a perfect fit or not.

In addition a good mortgage broker will look at more than just obtaining a loan for you. They will look at your whole financial picture to make sure the loan program fits your short term and long term goals.

A stated-income loan qualifies a borrower using the income the borrower states on the application form – as opposed to the income the borrower can document. With a stated income loan, the lender agrees not to attempt to verify the income the borrower has stated on the application.

Stated income mortgages are ideal for the self-employed and for home buyers in professions with salaries comprised mostly of cash tips, such as waiters and hotel porters. This type of loan applicants can often afford a mortgage, but don’t have the necessary pay stubs to document their true earnings. Self-employed business owners whose personal assets are commingled with the business assets often utilize “Stated-Income Stated-Assets” mortgage programs.

You are responsible for providing an accurate figure when the loan officer asks for your income amount. The loan officer should not coach you or fill in the amount for you. If the loan is audited and fraud is discovered you and or the loan officer can be held accountable under the law.

One of the reasons for a stated income loan is to minimize paperwork during the loan application process. A number of requirements that would normally be requested are W2 Statements, 1099 Forms, Bank Statements, and Pay Check Stubs. A stated income loan would not require the borrower(s) to find and organize this information to be approved for a loan. In many cases the interest rate difference is very minimal but normally slightly higher than a loan which requires proof of income.

On some stated income programs, the lender may require the borrowers to complete and sign Internal Revenue Service form 4506. This form gives the lender permission to access past and future tax returns of the borrowers. Having a signed and completed 4506 form in the file greatly enhances the marketability of the loan to the secondary market.

Some times this loan program has been referred to as “The Liars Loan”. It is important to understand, the existence of this loan, is for the purpose of helping borrowers, who otherwise cannot document their Actual Income. It is not designed to fictitiously inflate your income.

Stated income may be used in lieu of full documentation if you have higher credit scores. Lenders view you as less risky and therefore are willing to dismiss income documentation to speed up the loan process. The rate you receive is contingent on specific loan to value and/or down payment restrictions.

Lenders will often check with widely-available salary survey sources like salary.com to determine whether or not the income stated is consistent with the borrower’s profession and title.

Editors Note: Due to the mortgage and credit crunchy, zero down home loans are no longer available. If you’re in need Denver Home Mortgage, we can discuss your mortgage situation.]

Zero down mortgage financing is available to many people. It is very possible for a large number of consumers to qualify for a home purchase without putting any money down. This has become a very competitive market for lenders competing for this business and the number of homeowners who obtain loans with no money down is growing each year.

It is important to realize that while it may be the only way a borrower can purchase a home, a zero down mortgage does carry a higher interest rate. Ultimately the borrower’s goal should be to refinance when there is enough equity to achieve an 80% Loan to Value (LTV).

One option for high credit score borrowers who have minimal disposable cash is to use a 103% loan. This loan allows you to borrow up to 3% in addition to the purchase price to help with closing costs. Ask your preferred mortgage professional if you qualify for a 103 LTV program.

Some conforming zero down programs do require you to contribute at least $500 to the purchase. Your earnest money counts as money towards purchase. You may also be required to pay your hazard insurance out of closing so that will be another out of pocket cost. Ask your mortgage broker for details on the programs they offer.

The most common way mortgage brokers structure “Zero Down” financing is to break the loan amount into a first and a second mortgage, with the first mortgage consisting of 80% of the loan amount needed and the second mortgage being 20%.

Zero down mortgages are a great tool to use, even if you have saved up for a down payment. By choosing the zero down mortgage, your down payment money can now be used for closing costs associated with the loan, moving expenses, new furniture, or any other expenses that you may have when you move into your new home.

If you cannot afford a down payment for your home, there are many down payment assistance programs and grants that may be able to help you purchase your new home. Often these programs are limited to first time home buyers or those with low income. However, there are often no limitations. Call me at and I may be able to find a program that will work for you.

Obtaining a true zero down mortgage is when you will not have to come to closing with any funds of your own. In order to achieve this you will need to either have a no closing cost mortgage which can get expensive, or you can have the sellers pay closing costs. Traditional conforming lenders will generally let the sellers pay up to 3% of your closing costs, while most Alt A and subprime lenders will allow up to 6% in closing costs paid by the seller.

Often times zero down payment programs are available to first time homebuyers. If you need a stated income program you may be able to obtain a stated zero down program with an Alt A or subprime lender.

In 2005, 43% of first time home buyers used zero down programs. You may qualify for one of these programs. Call me now!

I haven’t posted anything related to mortgages in a while so this week I decided to talk about the credit scoring model. First and foremost, FICO is the Fair Issac Corporation model. It’s used exclusively by Experian. The are five main categories of information that the FICO score evaluates:

Credit Payment History: 35%
At 35% Credit Payment History weighs the most. While events such as a bankruptcy, foreclosure or tax liens will have the greatest negative impact on your score, multiple and/or recent late payments have a tremendous impact as well.

Credit Balances: 30%
What is your credit balance to your credit limit? The Outstanding Credit Balance ratio has the second highest weight on your credit score. High balances on your credit cards can be viewed as a red flag since it’s an indication that you may be overextended. If you have multiple credit cards, you may want to spread the wealth to keep the credit balances to credit limit ratio low.

Credit History: 15%
Credit History is a reflection the length of time that you’ve had accounts open. You’re rewarded for keeping long term debt. Older credit accounts that have been used more frequently will have more weight than those that are newly opened or used with less frequency.

Credit Inquiries: 10%
Opening a new credit account doesn’t harm your credit score dramatically especially after you make the first payment. However, credit inquiries can negatively impact your score. Generating many credit inquiries exudes that you are trying to secure a large amount of credit or you are being turned down by lenders and have to apply elsewhere.

Credit Types: 10%
This percentage of your FICO score is based on your mix of credit. Do you have a good mix of credit cards, retail accounts, installment loans, finance company accounts or mortgage loans? It looks at the whole picture and totals how much of each type of account that you have.

Credit reporting is an imperfect system and there are times when you’re credit is tainted and it’s not your fault. Equifax, Experian, and Transunion don’t always report the same information. For example you may have a 30 day late on a credit card reported on Equifax, but the same card shows no lates on Experian and Transunion. Unfortunatley, the rate you receive is contingent on your credit score. It may not be fair but that’s how the system operates. One of the credit reporting agencies I use, Advantage Credit, has the ability to fix mistakes on your credit in a matter of days. It’s called rapid rescoring and it can make a world of difference in getting a decent rate. Recently they were profiled in Newsweek.